plant Easy level

Potamogeton Linnaeus 1753

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Pondweed, potamot

Potamogeton is one of the most important genera in the aquatic environment, especially as food or habitat for aquatic animals. There are a few species that become slightly weedy. Plants of Potamogeton are important in stabilizing substrates and removing particulate matter from the water column.

Potamogeton is one of the largest genera and has an almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Doubtfully present in: Bismarck Archipelago.

Native to: Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Aleutian Is., Algeria, Altay, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Antipodean Is., Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Central European Rus, Chad, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Comoros, Congo, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Is., Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Føroyar, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Great Britain, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Hainan, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Labrador, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Magadan, Maine, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Manchuria, Manitoba, Marianas, Marion-Prince Edward, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sicilia, Sierra Leone, Sinai, Socotra, Solomon Is., Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Yukon, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe.

Introduced into: Fiji.

Submitted by
Heiko Bleher
Geographical region
Drainage Basin
River catchment
Water body type
Water body name
Water body part
Water body course
Water body: tributary of
Tributary name
Type locality
Europe
Conservation status/IUCN Red List
Not Evaluated (NE)
Listed in CITES
No

Water Chemistry

Water information

Water type
Fresh water
Water color
Clear water
Water transparency
Medium
Concentration of sediments
Medium
Water temperature
18-28 °C
Water flow/curent
Slow

Chemical parameters

pH
6-8
Conductivity
GH
KH
Dissolved Oxygen

Phytology

Plant form
Submersed
Plant type
Stem
Plant size
20-80 cm
Plant growth rate
Moderate
Plant light demand
Medium
CO2
Low
Aquarium equipment

Potamogeton is a common water garden or aquarium plant which is useful as an oxygenator and provides a shelter for small fishes and aquatic invertebrates.

Plant care

Vegetative and reproductive morphology varies considerably in the genus. Two types of stems occur, rhizomes and erect stems. Some species have both, others have only erect stems. Two types of leaves exist, submersed and floating. Floating leaves may be similar in shape to that of the submersed, or they may differ considerably.

Inflorescences may be either emergent or submersed. Emergent inflorescences are elongate and almost always terminal on the stem, whereas submersed inflorescences are globular and axillary.

Accepted species:

Potamogeton × absconditus Z.Kaplan, Fehrer & Hellq.
Potamogeton acutifolius Link
Potamogeton × aemulans Z.Kaplan, Hellq. & Fehrer
Potamogeton alpinus Balb.
Potamogeton amplifolius Tuck.
Potamogeton × anguillanus Koidz.
Potamogeton × angustifolius J.Presl
Potamogeton antaicus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × apertus Miki
Potamogeton × attenuatus Hagstr.
Potamogeton australiensis A.Benn.
Potamogeton × belorussicus D.Dubovik
Potamogeton × bennettii Fryer
Potamogeton berchtoldii Fieber
Potamogeton bicupulatus Fernald
Potamogeton biformis Hagstr.
Potamogeton × billupsii Fryer
Potamogeton × biwaensis Miki
Potamogeton × cadburyae Dandy & G.Taylor
Potamogeton chamissoi A.Benn.
Potamogeton cheesemanii A.Benn.
Potamogeton chongyangensis W.X.Wang
Potamogeton × clandestinus A.A.Bobrov, Zalewska-Gal. & Chemeris
Potamogeton × cognatus Asch. & Graebn.
Potamogeton coloratus Hornem.
Potamogeton compressus L.
Potamogeton confervoides Rchb.
Potamogeton × confinis Hagstr.
Potamogeton × cooperi (Fryer) Fryer
Potamogeton crispus L.
Potamogeton cristatus Regel & Maack
Potamogeton delavayi A.Benn.
Potamogeton dentatus Hagstr.
Potamogeton distinctus A.Benn.
Potamogeton diversifolius Raf.
Potamogeton × drepanoides Z.Kaplan
Potamogeton drummondii Benth.
Potamogeton epihydrus Raf.
Potamogeton × exilis Z.Kaplan & Uotila
Potamogeton × fauriei (A.Benn.) Miki
Potamogeton × faxonii Morong
Potamogeton ferrugineus Hagstr.
Potamogeton floridanus Small
Potamogeton × fluitans Roth
Potamogeton foliosus Raf.
Potamogeton fontigenus Y.H.Guo, X.Z.Sun & H.Q.Wang
Potamogeton × franconicus G.Fisch.
Potamogeton friesii Rupr.
Potamogeton fryeri A.Benn.
Potamogeton gayi A.Benn.
Potamogeton × gessnacensis G.Fisch.
Potamogeton gramineus L.
Potamogeton × griffithii A.Benn.
Potamogeton groenlandicus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × grovesii Dandy & G.Taylor
Potamogeton × hagstromii A.Benn.
Potamogeton × haynesii Hellq. & G.E.Crow
Potamogeton × heslop-harrisonii
W.A.Clark
Potamogeton heterocaulis Z.S.Diao
Potamogeton hillii Morong
Potamogeton hoggarensis Dandy
Potamogeton illinoensis Morong
Potamogeton × inbaensis Kadono
Potamogeton × jacobsii Z.Kaplan, Fehrer & Hellq.
Potamogeton × jutlandicus Zalewska-Gal.
Potamogeton × kamogawaensis Miki
Potamogeton kashiensis Z.S.Diao
Potamogeton × khuzestanicus S.Abbasi, Afsharz. & Dinarvand
Potamogeton × kyushuensis Kadono & Wiegleb
Potamogeton lacunatifolius Papch.
Potamogeton × lanceolatifolius (Tiselius) C.D.Preston
Potamogeton × lanceolatus Sm.
Potamogeton × leptocephalus Koidz.
Potamogeton linguatus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × lintonii Fryer
Potamogeton lucens L.
Potamogeton × luxurians Z.Kaplan
Potamogeton maackianus A.Benn.
Potamogeton × maemetsiae Zalewska-Gal. & Ronikier
Potamogeton mandschuriensis (A.Benn.) A.Benn.
Potamogeton marianensis Cham. & Schltdl.
Potamogeton × mariensis Papch.
Potamogeton montevidensis A.Benn.
Potamogeton montezumawellensis Ricketson, G.M.Ricketson & Greenawalt
Potamogeton × mucronulatus (G.Fisch.) Papch.
Potamogeton × mysticus Morong
Potamogeton natans L.
Potamogeton × nericius Hagstr.
Potamogeton × nerviger Wolfg.
Potamogeton × nitens Weber
Potamogeton nodosus Poir.
Potamogeton × nomotoensis Kadono & T.Nog.
Potamogeton oakesianus J.W.Robbins
Potamogeton obtusifolius
Mert. & W.D.J.Koch
Potamogeton ochreatus Raoul
Potamogeton octandrus Poir.
Potamogeton × ogdenii Hellq. & R.L.Hilton
Potamogeton × olivaceus Baagøe ex G.Fisch.
Potamogeton × orientalis Hagstr.
Potamogeton oxyphyllus Miq.
Potamogeton papuanicus G.Wiegleb
Potamogeton paramoanus R.R.Haynes & Holm-Niels.
Potamogeton parmatus Hagstr.
Potamogeton perfoliatus L.
Potamogeton × philippinensis A.Benn.
Potamogeton polygonifolius Pourr.
Potamogeton polygonus Cham.
Potamogeton praelongus Wulfen
Potamogeton × prussicus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × pseudofriesii Dandy & G.Taylor
Potamogeton × pseudosarmaticus Papch.
Potamogeton pulcher Tuck.
Potamogeton pusillus L.
Potamogeton quinquenervius Hagstr.
Potamogeton × rectifolius A.Benn.
Potamogeton richardii Solms
Potamogeton richardsonii (A.Benn.) Rydb.
Potamogeton × ripensis Baagøe
Potamogeton × rivularis Gillot
Potamogeton robbinsii Oakes
Potamogeton rutilus Wolfg.
Potamogeton × salicifolius Wolfg.
Potamogeton sarmaticus Mäemets
Potamogeton × saxonicus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × schreberi G.Fisch.
Potamogeton schweinfurthii
A.Benn.
Potamogeton sclerocarpus K.Schum.
Potamogeton × scoliophyllus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × serrulifer Z.Kaplan
Potamogeton sibiricus A.Benn.
Potamogeton skvortsovii Klinkova
Potamogeton solomonensis G.Wiegleb
Potamogeton × sparganiifolius Laest. ex Fr.
Potamogeton × spathulatus Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz
Potamogeton × spathuliformis (J.W.Robbins) Morong
Potamogeton spirilliformis Hagstr.
Potamogeton spirillus Tuck.
Potamogeton stenostachys K.Schum.
Potamogeton strictifolius A.Benn.
Potamogeton suboblongus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × subrufus Hagstr.
Potamogeton × subsessilis Hagstr.
Potamogeton × sudermanicus Hagstr.
Potamogeton sulcatus A.Benn.
Potamogeton sumatranus Miq.
Potamogeton tennesseensis Fernald
Potamogeton tepperi A.Benn.
Potamogeton × torssandrii (Tiselius) Dörfl.
Potamogeton × tosaensis Kadono, Horii & T.Yaman.
Potamogeton tricarinatus F.Muell. & A.Benn.
Potamogeton trichoides Cham. & Schltdl.
Potamogeton tubulatus Hagstr.
Potamogeton ulei K.Schum.
Potamogeton × undulatus Wolfg.
Potamogeton uruguayensis A.Benn. & Graebn.
Potamogeton × variifolius Thore
Potamogeton vaseyi J.W.Robbins
Potamogeton × vepsicus A.A.Bobrov & Chemeris
Potamogeton × versicolor Z.Kaplan, Hellq. & Fehrer
Potamogeton wrightii
Morong
Potamogeton × yamagataensis Kadono & Wiegleb
Potamogeton zosteriformis Fernald

Water care

Potamogeton could be classified as an easy plants to grow in the aquariums – they thrive in moderately acidic to alkaline water.

Comment by the expert

Hybridization is common among members of the genus.