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Congaree Creek, South Carolina, USA

Sponsored by

United States, South Carolina, Lexington

Congaree Creek is a small blackwater creek in Lexington County, USA and it flows into Congaree River downstream of Columbia in South Carolina. This little creek gives home for lots of alligators, birds, fish and other wildlife. The twisty body of the creek is very interesting and challenging for people who love boat trips or hiking. There are many endangered animal, too, like American Bald Eagle,Arctic Peregrine Falcon, Brown Pelican, Red-Cockaded Woodpecker, Wood Stork, and Red Wolf. The name ‘Congaree’ comes from Siouan-speaking Congaree Indians, who settled below the confluence of the Broad and Saluda Rivers after the Yamassee War. Peaple use this land for over 10.000 years.

In Congaree National Park they protect the nation’s largest remaining tract of southern old-growth bottomland forest and you can find lots of spanish moss in this beautiful area, too. It’s much more than a park, river or a creek, it’s one of the most wonderful and unique part of North America.

Submitted by
Anikó Csanádi
Approved by
Fritz Rohde & Lawrence Kent
GPS
33.9426880, -81.0324478
Geographical region
Northern America
Drainage Basin
Lower Saluda
River catchment
Congaree River
Water body type
Creek
Water body name
Conagree Creek
Water body part
Meander
Water body course
Middle course
Water body: tributary of
River
Tributary name
Conagree River

Videos above and below water

Water Chemistry

Water information

Water type
Fresh water
Water color
Black water
Water transparency
Medium
Concentration of sediments
High
Water temperature
20 °C
Water flow/curent
Slow

Chemical parameters

pH
6.5
Conductivity
32
GH
15 mg/l
KH
10 mg/l
Dissolved Oxygen
80 %

Substrate in nature

Sand
Grey
Pebble/Gravel
Mixed
Stone
Brown
Stone form
Flat
Silt/Mud
Beige
Leaves
Many
Driftwood
Many
Submerged terrestrial vegetation
Yes

Aquatic Biotope

Date of collecting
Collecting area
Water depth
Air temperature
Sunlight

Environment

Environment
Affected by human activity
Affected by human activity
Agriculture
Agriculture
Little
Surrounding area

Congaree Creek esthabilished in Congaree National Park, so there are many endangered animals and plants , too. You can find lots of trees like swamp tupelo, loblolly pine, sweetgum tree, water hickory, american beech and different kind of maple trees as well. Spanish moss is unique here. In this ancien forest some trees are more than 500 years old. Congaree known for its giant hardwoods and pines, Congaree’s floodplain forest includes one of the highest canopies in the world. Snakes are a common sights here especially during summer ( Water Moccasin, Copperhead, and Canebrake Rattlesnake, are venomous).

Terrestrial vegetation:

  • Nyssa biflora (Nyssaceae)
  • Pinus taeda (Pinaceae)
  • Quercus laurifolia ( Fagaceae)
  • Nyssa biflora (Nyssaceae)
  • Tillandsia usneoides (Bromeliaceae)
  • Liquidambar styraciflua (Altingiaceae)
  • Acer saccharinum (Sapindaceae)
  • Fagus grandifolia (Fagaceae)
Underwater landscape

Congaree Creek is a blackwater. In the shadow of giant trees there are many leaves and branches in the water and it makes the ‘black’ colour of it. Because of the trees that standing by the creek , roots are well seen, too. In some part os the creek aquatic plants are speared well, both emersed and submersed (Juncus biflorus, Scirpus cyperinus, Bacopa monnieri, Ludwigia glandulosa). The substrate of the creek is mainly silt, pebbles and rocks.

Fishes:

  • Perca flavescens (Percidae)
  • Lepomis punctatus (Centrarchidae)
  • Enneacanthus chaetodon ( Centrarchidae)
  • Ameiurus natalis (Ictaluridae)
  • Etheostoma thalassinum (Percidae)

Molluscs:

  • Elliptio congaraea (Unionidae)

Crustaceans:

  • Lacunicambarus diogenes (Cambaridae)

Aquatic plants:

  • Ludwigia glandulosa (Onagraceae)
  • Najas guadalupensis (Hydrocharitaceae)
  • Bacopa monnieri (Plantaginaceae)
  • Ludwigia repens (Onagraceae)

Wetland plants:

  • Pinus palustris (Pinaceae)

Mosses:

  • Tillandsia usneoides (Bromeliaceae)
Threats to ecology

The area of Congaree Creek (and the park) is a very important place in South Carolina. This is the home of the most endangered species, like the bald eagle and red wolf.

In the past lumbering was centered on cypress logging from 1898 when the Santee River Cypress Logging Company began to operate in the area of what is now the park. Luckily, in South Carolina Senators Strom Thurmond and Ernest F. Hollings introduced legislation in 1975 for the establishment of a national preserve. The national Park is a UNESCO biosphere reserve now.

Riparian zone

Trees near the aquatic habitat
Many -

Comment by the expert

Fritz Rohde: Beautifully setup biotope. I’m not sure how compatible they would be but it might have benefited from having several Golden or Lined Topminnows. Nice video and great background material.

Lawrence Kent: The Congaree National park video was great; wish it had more on life underwater.