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Raja Musa Peat Swamp, Kuala Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia

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Raja Musa Forest Reserve is a vast ancient forest, blending tropical and subtropical forests into a rich tapestry of biodiversity. At the reserve’s rear, as it stretches inland, lie the often-overlooked peat swamps. These unique ecosystems are teeming with an incredible variety of flora and fauna, showcasing some of the most complex and diverse life forms in the region.

The serene beauty of Raja Musa Forest Reserve provides a rear glimpse into the world of Parosphromenus, one of the most stunning yet elusive freshwater fish. Knowns for its vibrant colours and delicate forms, these endangered fish thrive in the tranquil waters of the reserve, often hiding among the lush vegetation and leaf litter. Their presence highlights the ecological richness of the area, making Raja Musa not just a haven for diverse plant life, but also a crucial sanctuary for these exraordinary creatures.

Submitted by
Shammah Chandran
Approved by
Heiko Blessin, Heok Hee Ng & Greg Martin
GPS
3.3314557, 101.2513046

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Water Chemistry

Water information

Water type
fresh-water
Water color
Black water
Water transparency
Low
Concentration of sediments
High
Water temperature
25 °C
Water flow/curent
Slow

Chemical parameters

pH
4.5
Conductivity
GH
dGH
KH
dKH
Dissolved Oxygen

Aquarium information

Aquarium description

Set-up date
July, 2024
Aquarium decoration

In this setup, I’ve created a naturalistic habitat featuring a base layer of broken-down leaf compost and peat, topped with fine sand. At the back, two small pieces of driftwood evoke the process of wood decay, while strategically placed branches and twigs simulate a fallen branch. A mix of botanical elements, dried leaves, and seed pods enhances the organic feel.

Reflecting the unique ecology of peat swamps, I’ve incorporated riparian vegetation alongside aquatic plants. The setup includes Cryptocoryne and Java moss, which thrive in areas where peat swamps meet palm oil plantations, capturing the essence of this diverse and endangered environment. The overall composition invites a serene, yet vibrant atmosphere, showcasing the interplay between land and water.

Aquarium equipment
  • Filtration: Basic sponge filter ruined by an air pump
  • Lighting: Basic LED Warm Light
Fish care

This species-only aquarium is meticulously designed to recreate the ideal blackwater habitat for Parosphromenus harveyi. Incorporating seed pods, leaf litter and aged driftwood, it provides ample hiding spaces and shaded areas where these fish can seek shelter and spawn. As micro predators, Parosphromenus thrive on the diverse micro-organisms that flourish in the decomposed leaf litter, enchains their natural foraging behaviour.

The aquarium employs sponge filtration to maintain optimal water quality with minimal flow, preventing fluctuations in water parameters that could stress the fish. Given their delicate nature, a strict feeding regimen is essential, as the use of live foods can quickly contaminate the water. A balanced diet of Daphnia, mosquito larvae, and grindal worms supports healthy growth and vitality, ensuring the well-being of these captivating fish in their carefully curated environment.

Plant care

The aquatic plants that are found in this tank are Cryptocoryne affinis and Java Moss. Riparian plants used are Pothos – these plants don’t require much care and don’t require strong lighting.

Water care

Weekly water changes are conducted at 40-50% to maintain optimal conditions in the aquarium. A blend of rainwater and revere osmosis water is used to ensure a balanced pH and natural environment.

After each water change, liquid bacteria is added to promote heathy biological activity, aiding in the breakdown of organic matter and enhancing water quality for the Parosphromenus. This careful regimen helps sustain a stable habitat, supporting the overall health and vitality of the fish.

Dimensions

Length
50 cm
Depth
35 cm
High
35 cm
Volume
49 L

Substrate in aquarium

Sand
Beige
Pebble/Gravel
None
Stone
Stone form
Silt/Mud
Black
Leaves
Adundant
Driftwood
Few
Submerged terrestrial vegetation
Yes