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Sungai Kacung, Teranganu state, Malaysian Peninsula

Malaysia, Teranganu, Kuala Teranganu

Sungai Kacung natural biotope, Malaysian Peninsula. Teranganu forest, wet season.

List of fish: specific Parosprhomenus paludícola. This specific biotope was setup for a single fish species, as with this aquarium the intention was to study its behavior, also because of the tank’s liter capacity I did not want to add more fish to provide more viability to it.

Submitted by: Alejandro Rios Martin
Approved by: Hans-Georg Evers & John Lenagan

GPS: 5.6119442, 102.4463882

Geographical region: Southeastern Asia
Drainage Basin: Sungai Besut
River catchment: Sungai Cakung
Water body type: River
Water body name: Sungai Kacung
Water body part: Channel
Water body course: Middle course
Water body: tributary of: River
Tributary name: Sungai Kacung

Videos above and below water

Water Chemistry

Water information

Water type: Fresh water
Water color: Black water
Water transparency: Medium
Concentration of sediments: High
Water temperature: 23-27 °C
Water flow/curent: Slow

Chemical parameters

pH: 6
Conductivity
GH: 2 mg/l
KH: 2 mg/l
Dissolved Oxygen

Aquarium information

Aquarium description

Set-up date

February 2020

Aquarium decoration

The biotope tries to recreate an area of this river where the water does not reach a meter deep in the rainy season. The aquarium is comprised of roots, pebble stone, natural botanicals like Sterculia seeds, and bell to provide shelter, black silt and beige sand. The montage represents a front view of a small side channel of the river.

Aquarium equipment

Accessories:

Oase smart 60 300ltrs/h.

Lighting:

Led aqualighter 6500 k 13w and a 4200k 8w Led spotlight.

Fish care

The required temperature is between 25-26 degrees. Artemia nauplius live food generally and cycles. Weekly water changes of 30%.

Fishes:

Parosphromenus sp. 8

Plant care

8-hour photoperiod because it represents a river in a closed forest.

Plants:

Cryptocoryne nurii 6
Hygrophila sp. 3

Water care

Weekly water changes of 30%. Weekly parameter measurements and add humic acids or replenishment of natural botanicals (leaves, seeds…).

Dimensions

Length: 60 cm
Depth: 35 cm
High: 35 cm
Volume: 73.5 L

Substrate in aquarium

Sand: Beige
Pebble/Gravel: Mixed
Stone: Beige
Stone form: Roundish
Silt/Mud: Black
Leaves: Few
Driftwood: Many
Submerged terrestrial vegetation: Yes

Sitography

→ Parosprhomenus project
→ Seriously Fish
→ Google Academy

Comment by the expert

Hans-Georg Evers: Nice set-up, very close to nature. I missed more fish species as the Parosphromenus niches are always also occupied by others.

John Lenagan: The composition of the Biotope given its small size reflected well a small side channel with limited flow in dry season. The arrangment of pebbles, roots, leaves and plants was Biotope realistic, creating a random and non contrived appearance with many nooks and cranies, lighting levels with casting shadows was effective and reflected well a small affluent within a Malaysian forest. Given this Biotope was for a behavioral study of Parosprhomenus paludícola and within a small tank, it would have been challenging to include more species, however the biotope for this location would normally have other fish and invertebrates within it. This aspect did limit the interactive realism and the overall experience. Such composition within a small tank is very challenging, and this made it difficult to video, hence the resulting depth of field limitations especially when focussing in on small fish in low light, I was not at any stage able to experience the overall composition, some pictures of the tanks overall setup would have helped my assessment.