Tributary of Rio Paraná, Argentina

Environment

Environment

Affected by human activity

Affected by human activity

Agriculture

Agriculture

Massive

Surrounding area

The flood plain of the Paraná river constitutes a wetland where the landscape is the result of continuous geomorphological and river processes that had place in the past and continue today.

Underwater landscape

Analyzing the underwater morphology of this area, near the margin, we found that the predominant soil textures are characterized, in general, by the predominance of the silt fraction, with more variable clay and sand (small to medium size grain) concentrations, this fact makes the water cloudy, with little visibility. In addition, the periodic flood pulses promote the entry of suspended solids. It’s also possible to find some fine gravel and roundish rocks. And near the margin the water is slightly tea-color, with a slow flow, and normally some driftwood and dried leaf litter can be found.

Crustacean:

• Palaemon argentinus

Amphibian:

• Chaunus arenarum
• Elachistocleis bicolor
• Leptodactylus chaquensis
• Physalaemus albonotatus
• Amphibian Scinax nasicus

Fish:

• Aphyocharax anisitsi
• Apistogramma borellii
• Apistogramma commbrae
• Astyanax asuncionensis
• Astyanax stenohalinus
• Brycon orbygnianus
• Callichthys callichthys
• Corydoras hastatus
• Corydoras paleatus
• Farlowella hahni
• Gymnogeophagus balzanii
• Gymnogeophagus meridionalis
• Hyphessobrycon anisitsi
• Hyphessobrycon eques
• Loricaria luciae
• Moenkhausia dichroura
• Otocinclus arnoldi
• Otocinclus vestitus
• Phalloceros caudimaculatus
• Pyrrhulina australis
• Rineloricaria lanceolata
• Rineloricaria parva
• Serrapinnus kriegi

Wetland plant:

• Paspalum sp.
• Echinochloa crusgalli
• Polygonum sp.
• Cyperus entrerrianus
• Panicum sabulorum

Aquatic plant:

• Echinodorus grandiflorus
• Echinodorus uruguayensis
• Eichhornia crassipes
• Eichhornia azurea
• Eleocharis sp.
• Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
• Hydrocotyle sp.
  
• Juncus sp.
• Lemna minor
• Hydrocharis laevigata
• Myriophyllum aquaticum
• Pistia stratiotes
• Sagittaria montevidensis

Threats to ecology

Even if the tributary La Azotea – La Jaula is inserted in a National Park, where riverside forests appear with exotic tree species as dominant, all this natural area is surrounded by zones that present an intense landscape modification, due to an excessive agricultural and livestock activities, that origin a low environmental quality.

Plus, the industrial activity developed in areas close to the water courses, and the proximity to urban centers, generates a negative impact, mainly due to the spill of waste and sewages, which affect water quality and the diversity of this region wetlands, because they constitute a source of eutrophication and degradation of the environment, as it should not be forgotten that the biotope area is flooded, seasonally, every year.

Lastly, it is necessary to control the problems associated with the invasion of exotic trees like Fraxinus sp., Gleditsia tiracantos, Ligustrum lucidum, and Morus alba.

Riparian zone

Trees near the aquatic habitat

Few -

Bibliography

• → Guía de los Peces del Parque Nacional Pre-Delta by ALMIRÓN, Adriana; CASCIOTTA Jorge; CIOTEK, Liliana; GIORGIS, Pablo
  ISBN 978-987-1363-23-0
  
• Biodiversidad del Parque Nacional Pre-Delta by ACEÑOLAZA, Pablo G.et al.
  
• Características fisicoquímicas y bacteriológicas de los ambientes acuáticos del PNPD posteriores a un período de aguas altas by MIRANDE, Virginia et al.
  
• Evaluación abiótica y biótica de ambientes acuáticos de un parque nacional entrerriano by MIRANDE, Virginia et al.
  
• Las comunidades vegetales del Delta del Río Panrana. Su relación com factores ambientales y patrones del paisaje by MALVÁREZ, Ana Inés
  
• → Bleher’s Biotopes by BLEHER, Heiko
  
• Sistemas de paisajes de humedales del Corredor Fluvial Paraná-Paraguay by BENZAQUÉN, Laura et al.
  
• Peces Pampeanos guía y ecología by ROSSO, Juan José
  
• Peces y Ambientes en la Argentina continental by MENNI, R. C.
  
• Catalogo de la flora vascular del PN Pre Delta by RODRIGUEZ, Estela Elizabeth; ACEÑOLAZA, Pablo; MUÑOZ, Juan de Dios
  

Sitography

Comment by the expert